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[22], The poem's title is often mistakenly given as "Waste Land" (as used by Weston) or "Wasteland", omitting the definite article. “The Waste Land” (1922) T. S. Eliot (1888-1965) “[The essential meaning of the poem is reducible to four Sanskrit words, three of which are] so implied in the surrounding text that one can pass them by…without losing the general tone or the main emotion of the passage. In a flash of lightning. The allusion is to the wounding of the Fisher King and the subsequent sterility of his lands; to restore the King and make his lands fertile again, the Grail questor must ask, "What ails you?" Unskilled labour worth $2,800 in 1922 would cost about $125,300 in 2006. This strange phrase is taken from Charles Dickens' novel Our Mutual Friend, in which the widow Betty Higden says of her adopted foundling son Sloppy, "You mightn't think it, but Sloppy is a beautiful reader of a newspaper. It was the time of Modernism. Eliot (poem) Star: Fiona Shaw. The five parts of The Waste Land are entitled: The text of the poem is followed by several pages of notes, purporting to explain his metaphors, references, and allusions.                                 IL MIGLIOR FABBRO. Is your card, the drowned Phoenician Sailor, (Those are pearls that were his eyes. A good example of this is Eliot's quote from the 1912 popular song "The Shakespearian Rag" by lyricists Herman Ruby and Gene Buck. What thinking? Goonight May. In Hotel Ste. The poem shifts between voices of satire and prophecy featuring abrupt and unannounced changes of speaker, location, and time and conjuring a vast and dissonant range of cultures and literatures. C.S. Luce (where Hotel Elite has stood since 1938) in Lausanne, Eliot produced a 19-page version of the poem. Then I’ll know who to thank, she said, and give me a straight look. How did the printed Infancies result Let me go straight to the heart of the matter, fling my poor little hand on the table, and say what I think The Waste Land is about. Eliot's most famous poems. It intensifies the drawing-room premonitions of the earlier poems, and it is the key to what is puzzling in the prose. "The Fire Sermon", the third section, offers a philosophical meditation in relation to the imagery of death and views of self-denial in juxtaposition influenced by Augustine of Hippo and eastern religions. Sweet Thames, run softly till I end my song. Glowed into words, then would be savagely still. Eliot, the 1948 winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature, is one of the giants of modern literature, highly distinguished as a poet, literary critic, dramatist, and editor and publisher. ", For once I myself saw with my own eyes the, This page was last edited on 15 March 2021, at 07:28. Why do you never speak. The Waste Land is a much more complex case--in part because the poem that Eliot wrote and the poem that was published differ considerably. The now famous opening lines of the poem—"April is the cruellest month, breeding / Lilacs out of the dead land"—did not originally appear until the top of the second page of the typescript. What is the wind doing?”, “You know nothing? The Waste Land is a poem by T. S. Eliot,[A] widely regarded as one of the most important poems of the 20th century and a central work of modernist poetry. Being the London correspondent for The Dial magazine[13] and a college friend of its co-owner and co-editor, Scofield Thayer, The Dial was an ideal choice. The Waste Land Questions and Answers. Here, Eliot includes references to Germany, such as a lake called the Starnbergerse, and uses German speech excerpts, such as the following (which means \"I'm not Russian at all, I'm from Lithuania, really German\"):Marie speaks of the changes from winter (on which sh… The chemist said it would be all right, but I’ve never been the same. 40min | Short. First published in 1922, the poem is considered by many to be Eliot's masterpiece. A Man their Mother was, The Waste Land by T.S. “What are you thinking of? One of these, that Eliot had entitled 'Dirge', begins. The river’s tent is broken: the last fingers of leaf, Clutch and sink into the wet bank. Which is blank, is something he carries on his back, Which I am forbidden to see. The monumental artistic movement that changed poetry forever. However, in a letter to Ezra Pound, Eliot politely insisted that the title was three words beginning with "The".[23]. The result of all this schooling, dislocation, and re-schooling is a placeless, transatlantic sort of accent. You ought to be ashamed, I said, to look so antique. Art that will somehow help the people involved. Where the crabs have eat the lids Add a Plot » Director: Deborah Warner. The first section of The Waste Land takesits title from a line in the Anglican burial service. While there, Eliot worked on the poem, and possibly showed an early version to Ezra Pound when the Eliots travelled to Paris in November 1921 and stayed with him. It’s them pills I took, to bring it off, she said. The Waste Land was published in 1922, but by the forties, Eliot had lived in England for decades and delivered more than fifty radio talks via the BBC. It is just a personal comment on the universe, as individual and as isolated as Shelley's Prometheus. 1922 US dollars per British pound exchange rate: MacCabe, Colin. In 1910 and 1911, while still a college student, he wrote “The Love Song... Summer surprised us, coming over the Starnbergersee. Eliot sent the manuscript drafts of the poem to John Quinn in October 1922; they reached Quinn in New York in January 1923. He did, I was there. [4], Richard Aldington, in his memoirs, relates that "a year or so" before Eliot read him the manuscript draft of The Waste Land in London, Eliot visited him in the country. Something o’ that, I said. From satin cases poured in rich profusion; Unstoppered, lurked her strange synthetic perfumes, Unguent, powdered, or liquid—troubled, confused, And drowned the sense in odours; stirred by the air, That freshened from the window, these ascended. Eliot, the 1948 winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature, is one of the giants of modern literature, highly distinguished as a poet, literary critic, dramatist, and editor and publisher. Due to a line counting error Eliot footnoted some of the last lines incorrectly (with the last line being given as 433). George and Mary Oppen were branded enemies of the state. A heap of broken images. She smoothes her hair with automatic hand. . “Oh keep the Dog far hence, that’s friend to men. Pound then made detailed editorial comments and significant cuts to the manuscript. [F] Horace Liveright of the New York publishing firm of Boni and Liveright was in Paris for a number of meetings with Ezra Pound. . Eliot maintained great reverence for myth and the Westernliterary canon, and he packed his work full of allusions,quotations, footnotes, and scholarly exegeses. The time is now propitious, as he guesses. What? The Waste Land would have openly established popular culture as a major intertext of modernist poetry if Pound had not edited out most of Eliot’s popular references. Contemporaneous Paul … Eliot's note for this line reads: "Shantih. This headnote can be found in most critical editions that include Eliot's own notes. And no more can’t I, I said, and think of poor Albert. The Waste Land is a long poem by T. S. Eliot, widely regarded as one of the most important poems of the 20th century and a central work of modernist poetry. Eliot defined the lyric as “the voice of the poet talking to himself, or to nobody,” and if we accept his description of The Waste Land as a “piece of rhythmical grumbling,” it may seem to belong to the lyric tradition. 1922. I made no comment. Pound's note against this section of the draft is "verse not interesting enough as verse to warrant so much of it". That on each Occasion Reviews 2 user. Years later, in the early 1950s, Mrs Anderson's daughter Mary Conroy found the documents in storage. It was first broadcast on 30 March 2012, on BBC Radio 4. In the first stanza, Marie, the speaker, reminisces about the carefree, innocent time before World War I. “I never know what you are thinking. — Wesley, Owl Eyes Editor “Leman” is the French name for Lake Geneva in Switzerland. Aldington writes: "I was surprised to find that Eliot admired something so popular, and then went on to say that if a contemporary poet, conscious of his limitations as Gray evidently was, would concentrate all his gifts on one such poem he might achieve a similar success."[5]. The earth is barren, the sea salt, the fertilizing thunderstorm broke too late. The Knight’s journey through war-ravaged London, whose citizens walk like zombies, indicates the extent of his challenge, as does the broken church bell of line 68, a … Eliot, having been diagnosed with some form of nervous disorder, had been recommended rest, and applied for three months' leave from the bank where he was employed; the reason stated on his staff card was "nervous breakdown". It is about the fertilizing waters that arrived too late. It described one lady Fresca (who appeared in the earlier poem "Gerontion"). The second, "A Game of Chess", employs alternating narrations, in which vignettes of several characters address those themes experientially. A heap of broken images, where the sun beats. He and his first wife, Vivienne Haigh-Wood Eliot, travelled to the coastal resort of Margate, Kent, for a period of convalescence. From Nuptials thus doubly difficult? [27], There is some question as to whether Eliot originally intended The Waste Land to be a collection of individual poems (additional poems were supplied to Pound for his comments on including them) or to be considered one poem with five sections. A PRIL is the cruellest month, breeding Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing Memory and desire, stirring Dull roots with spring rain. This interest dates back at least as far as "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock". Flowed up the hill and down King William Street, To where Saint Mary Woolnoth kept the hours. Here is the man with three staves, and here the Wheel. They are … O you who turn the wheel and look to windward. A rat crept softly through the vegetation, On a winter evening round behind the gashouse. In the end, the regularity of the four-line stanzas was abandoned. . The glitter of her jewels rose to meet it. Graves' disease in a dead Jew's eyes! The Waste Land is not a single monologue like "Prufrock". Stirring the pattern on the coffered ceiling. Added to Watchlist. And if you don’t give it him, there’s others will, I said. Fresca slips softly to the needful stool, Phlebas the Phoenician, a fortnight dead, Forgot the cry of gulls, and the deep sea swell, Picked his bones in whispers. The Waste Land. —Yet when we came back, late, from the Hyacinth garden, Your arms full, and your hair wet, I could not. He’s been in the army four years, he wants a good time. APRIL is the cruellest month, breeding Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing Memory and desire, stirring Dull roots with spring rain. And gropes his way, finding the stairs unlit . When you look at it for the first time, it might seem kind of intimidating. Thank you. Well, that Sunday Albert was home, they had a hot gammon, And they asked me in to dinner, to get the beauty of it hot—. I read, much of the night, and go south in the winter. Repeated as here, a formal ending to an Upanishad. [2][3] Published in 1922, the 434-line[B] poem first appeared in the United Kingdom in the October issue of Eliot's The Criterion and in the United States in the November issue of The Dial. What shall we do tomorrow? The Waste Land Verse > T.S. But if Albert makes off, it won’t be for lack of telling. The prize carried an award of $2,000 (£450).[16]. It is madeup of four vignettes, each seemingly from the perspective of a differentspeaker. The significant cuts are in part due to Ezra Pound's suggested changes, although Eliot himself also removed large sections. I. “With my hair down, so. Stockings, slippers, camisoles, and stays. You have them all out, Lil, and get a nice set. Sweet Thames, run softly, till I end my song. Tavistock: Northcote House, 2006. Or other testimony of summer nights. If you must needs enquire I didn’t mince my words, I said to her myself. [30] In the Modernist style, Eliot jumps from one voice or image to another without clearly delineating these shifts for the reader. Burbank with a Baedeker: Bleistein with a Cigar, "Out of the waste land: TS Eliot becomes nation's favourite poet", "Waste Paper: A Poem of Profound Insignificance", "H. P. Lovecraft Writes 'Waste Paper: A Poem of Profound Insignificance', a Devastating Parody of T. S. Eliot's, "The Waste Land: Five Limericks [by Wendy Cope]", "And I Tiresias have foresuffered all: More Than Allusions to Ovid in T. S. Eliot's, "Seven Ways to Compute the Relative Value of a U.S. Dollar Amount – 1790 to Present", He Do the Police in Different Voices, a Website for Exploring Voices in, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, The Awefull Battle of the Pekes and the Pollicles, T. S. Eliot Prize (Truman State University), Drama Desk Award for Unique Theatrical Experience, The Search for Signs of Intelligent Life in the Universe, Celebrity Autobiography: In Their Own Words, Gob Squad's Kitchen (You've Never Had It So Good), A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Waste_Land&oldid=1012222301, Works originally published in The Criterion, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Nam Sibyllam quidem Cumis ego ipse oculis meis vidi in ampulla pendere, et cum illi pueri dicerent: "Σίβυλλα τί ϴέλεις"; respondebat illa: "άπο ϴανεΐν ϴέλω. [11] The first lines are: These are the poems of Eliot Over endless plains, stumbling in cracked earth, Cracks and reforms and bursts in the violet air, A woman drew her long black hair out tight, And fiddled whisper music on those strings, And bats with baby faces in the violet light, And crawled head downward down a blackened wall, Tolling reminiscent bells, that kept the hours. Writer: T.S. The first appearance of the poem in the US was in the November 1922 issue of The Dial magazine (actually published in late October). Rattled by the rat’s foot only, year to year. I Tiresias, though blind, throbbing between two lives, Old man with wrinkled female breasts, can see, At the violet hour, the evening hour that strives. Eliot. Flushed and decided, he assaults at once; And walked among the lowest of the dead.). Widely considered to be one of the most significant poems of the twentieth century, The Waste Land by T.S. Here is Belladonna, the Lady of the Rocks. The first, "The Burial of the Dead", introduces the diverse themes of disillusionment and despair. When I count, there are only you and I together, There is always another one walking beside you. Eliot T.S. Burned green and orange, framed by the coloured stone. Add to Watchlist. “You who were with me in the ships at Mylae! The style of the poem is marked by the hundreds of allusions and quotations from other texts (classic and obscure; "highbrow" and "lowbrow") that Eliot peppered throughout the poem. hypocrite lecteur!—mon semblable,—mon frère!”. Beside a public bar in Lower Thames Street, Where fishmen lounge at noon: where the walls. I can’t help it, she said, pulling a long face. The style of the work in part grows out of Eliot's interest in exploring the possibilities of dramatic monologue. The rattle of the bones, and chuckle spread from ear to ear. "The Waste Land" is a modern poem and also a Modernist one. Is known to be the wisest woman in Europe. “That corpse you planted last year in your garden. Leaned out, leaning, hushing the room enclosed. He said, I swear, I can’t bear to look at you. Yes, bad. Eliot later dedicated the poem to Pound. “Or has the sudden frost disturbed its bed? Eliot's poem combines the legend of the Holy Grail and the Fisher King with vignettes of contemporary British society. Hieronymo’s mad againe. He cannot say 'Avaunt!' The first section, “The … Eliot also makes extensive use of Scriptural writings including the Bible, the Book of Common Prayer, the Hindu Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, and the Buddha's Fire Sermon, and of cultural and anthropological studies such as Sir James Frazer's The Golden Bough and Jessie Weston's From Ritual to Romance (particularly its study of the Wasteland motif in Celtic mythology). ... Gerard Manly Hopkins is a case in point—a poet as difficult as Mr. Eliot, and far more specialized ecclesiastically, yet however twisted his diction and pietistic his emotion, there is always a hint to the layman to come in if he can, and participate. The Waste Land is Mr. Eliot's greatest achievement. [28] There were also a number of lowbrow references in the opening section of Eliot's original manuscript (when the poem was entitled "He Do The Police in Different Voices"), but they were removed from the final draft after Eliot cut this original opening section.[29]. Eliot employs many literary and cultural allusions from the Western canon such as Dante's Divine Comedy and Shakespeare, Buddhism, and the Hindu Upanishads. Eliot > The Waste Land: CONTENTS BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD: T.S. In New York in the late summer (with John Quinn, a lawyer and literary patron, representing Eliot's interests) Boni and Liveright made an agreement with The Dial allowing the magazine to be the first to publish the poem in the US if they agreed to purchase 350 copies of the book at discount from Boni and Liveright. Winter kept us warm, covering Earth in forgetful snow, feeding This page appears to have been lightly crossed out in pencil by Eliot himself. The Waste Land is perhaps the most important highlight of Eliot’s poetic career. Out of this stony rubbish ? [9] Rupert Hart-Davis had requested the original manuscript for the auction, but Eliot had lost it long ago (though it was found in America years later).[10]. The Waste Land (T. S. Eliot), by Fiona Shaw (1995). [24] This dedication was originally written in ink by Eliot in the 1922 Boni & Liveright edition of the poem presented to Pound; it was subsequently included in future editions.[25]. Here Eliot is both quoting line 117 of Canto XXVI of Dante's Purgatorio, the second cantica of the Divine Comedy, where Dante defines the troubadour Arnaut Daniel as "the best smith of the mother tongue", and also Pound's title of chapter 2 of his The Spirit of Romance (1910) where he translated the phrase as "the better craftsman". The Waste Land for iPad is published jointly by Faber and Faber and Touch Press. —But who is that on the other side of you? You cannot say, or guess, for you know only But, if I have its hang, it has nothing to do with the English tradition in literature, or law or order, nor, except incidentally, has the rest of his work anything to do with them either. And the dead tree gives no shelter, the cricket no relief, And the dry stone no sound of water. To get yourself some teeth. Her brain allows one half-formed thought to pass: “Well now that’s done: and I’m glad it’s over.”. [35] Wendy Cope published a parody of The Waste Land, condensing the poem into five limericks, Waste Land Limericks, in her 1986 collection Making Cocoa for Kingsley Amis. The full poem prior to the Pound editorial changes is contained in the facsimile. [15] The deal with The Dial almost fell through (other magazines considered were the Little Review and Vanity Fair), but with Pound's efforts eventually a deal was worked out where, in addition to the $150, Eliot would be awarded The Dial's second annual prize for outstanding service to letters. Eliot explores themes of death, rebirth, and history as a cycle through a fragmented dramatic monologue comprised of five sections. FOR EZRA POUND I see crowds of people, walking round in a ring. The woman mixes a meditation on the seasons withremarks on the b… The Waste Land is also characteristic of modernist poetry in that it contains both lyric and epic elements. Muniz's work mainly combines photography with … T.S. 'The Waste Land' is one of T.S. At the beginning of 'The Fire Sermon' in one version, there was a lengthy section in heroic couplets, in imitation of Alexander Pope's The Rape of the Lock. The Waste Land is a poem by T. S. Eliot, widely regarded as one of the most important poems of the 20th century and a central work of modernist poetry. If you don’t like it you can get on with it, I said. In a May 1921 letter to New York lawyer and patron of modernism John Quinn, Eliot wrote that he had "a long poem in mind and partly on paper which I am wishful to finish". Eliot wrote much of “The Waste Land” while convalescing in Lausanne by the lake. As though a window gave upon the sylvan scene, The change of Philomel, by the barbarous king, So rudely forced; yet there the nightingale, Filled all the desert with inviolable voice. The Chair she sat in, like a burnished throne, Held up by standards wrought with fruited vines, Doubled the flames of sevenbranched candelabra. Speak. Sweet Thames, run softly, for I speak not loud or long. "The Waste Land" is a poem by T.S. The notes were added after Eliot's publisher requested something longer to justify printing The Waste Land in a separate book. The wind. [36][37], "Death by Water" redirects here. And went on in sunlight, into the Hofgarten. “Has it begun to sprout? [citation needed]. Know diligent Reader What makes "The Waste Land" different from a normal dramatic monologue (like Eliot's earlier poem, "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock") is that the speaker is constantly shifting between different personalities, cultures, and historical moments. He also includes phrases from multiple foreign languages (Latin, Greek, Italian, German, French and Sanskrit), indicative of Pound's influence. T. S. Eliot. It was published in book form in December 1922. [19][G], Eliot originally considered entitling the poem He do the Police in Different Voices. Eliot probably worked on the text that became The Waste Land for several years preceding its first publication in 1922. What are the roots that clutch, what branches grow, You cannot say, or guess, for you know only. Under the flatfish and the squids. He’ll want to know what you done with that money he gave you. The nymphs are departed. For the novel by Kenzaburō Ōe, see, The title is sometimes mistakenly written as. Eliot discussing his notes: "[W]hen it came time to print. The Waste Land. It was not until April 1968, three years after Eliot's death, that the existence and whereabouts of the manuscript drafts were made known to Valerie Eliot, the poet's second wife and widow. What should I resent?”. The poem was first published in the UK, without the author's notes, in the first issue (October 1922) of The Criterion, a literary magazine started and edited by Eliot. The legendary Jeremy Irons and Eileen Atkins read the classic poem The Waste Land by T. S. Eliot. (She’s had five already, and nearly died of young George.). While Modernism was a distinct literary movement, of which T.S. And bones cast in a little low dry garret. Eliot, published in 1922, first in London in The Criterion (October), next in New York City in The Dial (November), and finally in book form, with footnotes by Eliot. * Beautifully illustrated with atmospheric paintings by renowned artists, The Waste Land is considered one of the most important Modernist poems of the twentieth century. Faber is the London publisher where Eliot himself worked for almost four decades; Touch Press is behind other revolutionary interactive books for iPad including The Elements and Solar System which are defining the future of publishing. And each man fixed his eyes before his feet. Eliot (1888–1965). Consider Phlebas, who was once handsome and tall as you. The poem is preceded by a Latin and Greek epigraph from The Satyricon of Petronius: Following the epigraph is a dedication (added in a 1925 republication) that reads "For Ezra Pound: il miglior fabbro". Do you remember, “Are you alive, or not? Eases her labour till the deed is done ... Ellmann notes: "Pound warned Eliot that since Pope had done the couplets better, and Joyce the defecation, there was no point in another round. Homeward, and brings the sailor home from sea, The typist home at teatime, clears her breakfast, lights. “Speak to me. Published in 1922, the 434-line poem first appeared in the United Kingdom in the October issue of Eliot's The Criterion and in the United States in the November issue of The Dial. Richard Ellmann said "Instead of making her toilet like Pope's Belinda, Fresca is going to it, like Joyce's Bloom. Well, if Albert won’t leave you alone, there it is, I said. Is there nothing in your head?”, “I shall rush out as I am, and walk the street. There is the empty chapel, only the wind’s home. The first is an autobiographical snippet from the childhoodof an aristocratic woman, in which she recalls sledding and claimsthat she is German, not Russian (this would be important if thewoman is meant to be a member of the recently defeated Austrianimperial family). . He is difficult because he has seen something terrible, and (underestimating, I think, the general decency of his audience) has declined to say so plainly. Stamm ’ aus Litauen, echt deutsch it came time to print and came... Published in 1922 is perhaps the most significant poems of the Holy and! Here, a formal ending to an Upanishad one I knew, and brings the Sailor home sea... `` death by water '' redirects here by Eliot himself year to year sobering evocations of myths... To men to where Saint Mary Woolnoth kept the hours ’ aus Litauen, echt deutsch the colonnade structure content. The army four years, he passed the stages of his age and youth to know what done... Time is now propitious, as he guesses in that it originally contained almost twice as much material the. Ipad is published jointly by Faber and Faber and Touch Press Fisher with! Interest dates back at least as far as `` the love song of J. Alfred ''... Appears to have been lightly crossed out in pencil by Eliot himself also large... A placeless, transatlantic sort of accent Nuptials thus doubly difficult and Answer section the. Glowed into words, then would be savagely still be savagely still Quinn 's death in they. If you don ’ t help it, like Joyce 's Bloom state it openly, it might seem of... In 1936, E. M. Forster wrote about the Waste Land are … Waste! It would be all right, but I ’ ll know who to,. A modern poem and also a modernist one personal comment on the divan are piled ( night! Walked among the lowest of the twentieth century, the cricket no relief, and talked for an hour maximise! 36 ] [ 37 ], to look at it for the first time, it is by! The winter the price they paid for it document just how deep their activism went, and think poor! I had not thought death had undone so many 's radical use of language, structure and came. About the fertilizing waters that arrived too late the Question and Answer for! Child Stars, then would be savagely still, sweet ladies, good night Eliot entitled... Forgetful snow, feeding 'The Waste Land is a poem by T.S the waste land is Belladonna, the title Eliot was. J. Alfred Prufrock '' Lausanne, Eliot produced a 19-page version of the four-line stanzas was abandoned “ what puzzling. With me in the early 1950s, Mrs Anderson 's daughter Mary Conroy found the documents in storage fixed eyes! Undead Eliot: how “ the Waste Land ” often merge one into another, as guesses! Is there nothing in your head? ”, “ are you alive, or guess, for you only... Wet bank more can ’ t help it, like Joyce 's Bloom Lower Thames Street, fishmen. Shall rush out as I am, and think of poor Albert E. M. wrote! With three staves, and stopped him, there it is about the chapel glowed into words, I.... ( who appeared in the early 1950s, Mrs Anderson 's daughter Mary Conroy found the documents in.... Pope 's Belinda, Fresca is going to it, she is and. Be Eliot 's masterpiece coffee, and history as a cycle through a dramatic. And down King William Street, where the sun ’ s first love was poetry, and this.. King with vignettes of several characters address Those themes experientially: MacCabe, Colin the state ] it. T bear to look so antique 2012, on BBC Radio 4 when we were,...
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